PEM electrolyzers have emerged as a promising technology for the green production of hydrogen. These devices utilize a proton exchange membrane (PEM) to split water into its constituent elements: oxygen and hydrogen. The PEM acts as a permeable barrier, allowing protons to pass through while blocking the passage of charges. This mechanism results i

PEM electrolyzer technology has undergone significant progresses in recent years, driven by the growing demand for clean and sustainable energy solutions. These advancements feature improvements in catalyst materials, membrane efficiency, and system design. As a result, PEM electrolyzers are becoming increasingly competitive for various application